Callback-url-http-3a-2f-2f169.254.169.254-2flatest-2fmeta Data-2fiam-2fsecurity Credentials-2f Today

: A link-local IPv4 address reserved by network standards. Cloud providers use this address to serve metadata to cloud instances internally. It cannot be routed over the public internet.

AWS introduced in late 2019 to address the inherent risks of IMDSv1. The old version (v1) was a simple, unauthenticated HTTP endpoint on 169.254.169.254 . Any process on the instance—or any process that could trick the instance into making a request—could retrieve metadata. : A link-local IPv4 address reserved by network standards

The attacker changes the URL to http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/ . AWS introduced in late 2019 to address the

This forces the use of a token, effectively stopping simple SSRF attacks that try to call 169.254.169.254 directly. 2. Use HttpPutResponseHopLimit The attacker changes the URL to http://169

An attacker uses a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability to execute this attack. SSRF occurs when a backend server fetches data from a user-supplied URL without proper validation.

This number is a special IP address. Cloud providers like Amazon Web Services (AWS) use it. It is called the Instance Metadata Service (IMDS).